History of Indian Drama and theatre

Indian drama induatry is as old as its music and dance. Classical theatre traditions have also influenced modern theatre, particularly the Hindi, Marathi, Gujarati and Bengali theatres. India thrives on its cultural richness.

Since centuries, Indian people have nourished and relished the mesmerising world of Indian drama and theatre. The two words, drama and theatre are as old as music and dance. During earlier times, drama was also known as ‘Natya’ or ‘Nautanki’. If we look back at the history books, plays like Shakuntala and Meghdoot by the legendary Kalidas were hugely appreciated. Many people must have seen puppet theatre. Well, that’s also a form of pure theatre in places like rural India. In earlier times, theatre existed in form of folk theatre and it was hugely popular. The best part is this tradition is still alive and kicking in all the regional places in India.

Indian theatre system is still active in many parts of the country, especially Delhi and Mumbai. At one point of time, its popularity had diminished because of growing demand for Hindi movies. But in recent times, people can be seen to be present in large numbers in art festivals and cultural functions. Some specific cultural groups have tried their best to keep this wonderful tradition alive. Some of the finest actors of Hindi cinema are product of theatre culture.


Some of the famous drama and theatre organisations in India are, The Sangeet Natak Akademi and The National School of Drama.

The tradition of folk theatre is alive in nearly all the linguistic regions of the country. In addition, there is a rich tradition of puppet theatre in rural India. The Sangeet Natak Akademi located in Delhi has performed the role of sponsoring, research, dissemination, appreciation and patronage of the performing arts. It gives awards to outstanding performers and provides assistance for theatre production and teaching and offers scholarships to students and exchange of troupes.
The National School of Drama also located in Delhi teaches stage direction, acting and related subjects. It also has a Repertory Company of its own.